Master of Laws

MASTER OF LAW PROGRAM
The Master of Laws program with dissertation will allow you to explore a subject in depth, both in the major sectors of law and in certain specialized areas. It will allow you to deepen the general training provided in the 1st cycle, and to design and implement a large-scale research project in a specific field of your choice.
Research development and dissertation writing constitute an important component of the program. The student will choose their dissertation supervisor from among specialists in the subject to direct their research program.
Path: International and transnational law, Business law, Criminal law and Human law.

MASTER’S IN INTERNATIONAL AND TRANSNATIONAL LAW
Goals
The master’s degree in international and transnational law is aimed at a varied clientele who wish to acquire high-level specialized professional training in international and transnational law.
It must enable the following objectives to be achieved:
• Acquire specialized professional training in international and transnational law;
• Critically analyze the rules and practices relating to international and transnational law;
• Open up to interdisciplinarity;
• Strengthen analytical skills, the ability to synthesize, reasoning and the ability to communicate orally and in writing;
• Increase legal research skills by dealing in writing, clearly and coherently, with a relatively complex problem
Areas of expertise
• Environmental Law
• Economic law
• International law
• Corporate and commercial law
• Civil right
• Labor law
• Personal rights and freedoms

PROGRAM STRUCTURE
MET-350: Research methods and data analysis (3 credits)
This course aims to acquire knowledge of the scientific approach to research and its different stages as well as their components in the development of a research project.

Course content

Knowledge of the stages of developing a research project using the scientific approach. Development of a problem and its components. Contributions and process of an exhaustive review of the literature. Articulation of a reference framework and formulation of objectives or hypotheses. Relevance and rigor of a methodology and its constituents: types and methods of research; targeted population, sampling method and targeted sample; instrumentation, data collection instruments and validation thereof; qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods; ethical dimensions; the use of mixed designs, the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge.
MET-351: Master’s research project (3 credits)
Set of activities which allows the development of the bibliography, the problem (hypothesis, objectives), the appropriate methodology, the expected results, the impact of the research project and a timetable for carrying out the work. A written research proposal and an oral presentation are produced. It is suggested to attend presentations of other research projects before presenting your own.
LED-352: Leadership (3 credits)
The objective of this course is to support the development of the interpersonal skills of current or future managers. Requiring introspection, questioning and openness to change, it invites the student to determine what are their issues, their difficulties and their aspirations as a leader, to grasp the major forms of power that they are called to exercise (for example authority), as well as to articulate a personal development project and implement it throughout the session.
This course will cover the following concepts:
Leadership styles. Qualities and ethics of a leader. Roles and responsibilities of a leader. Leadership and management. Political skills. Development and maintenance of alliances and partnerships. Leadership in emergencies. The principles of Leadership.

DRT-355: Private international law
The sources and methods of private international law. The rules of conflicts and jurisdiction. Personal status (state and capacity, marriage, parentage). The real status (inheritances, securities, trusts). The status of obligations (form of legal acts, substance of legal acts). Private international law in notarial practice (sales, representation, matrimonial regimes). Recognition of foreign judgments.
DRT-357: International law of the sea (3 credits)
International law relating to maritime spaces (internal waters, territorial sea, exclusive economic zone, continental shelf, high seas, zone): regimes and delimitation. Dispute settlement by the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Protection of the marine environment. Arctic case. Study through the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and certain sectoral conventions.
DRT-358: World Trade Organization Law (3 credits)
Legal and institutional aspects of the multilateral trading system. Principle of non-discrimination, opening of national markets and fairness in international commercial relations. Exceptions and interface with non-commercial matters. Settlement of international commercial disputes.
DRT-359: International environmental law (3 credits)
Study of legal regimes developed by States to protect the environment internationally. Study of sources, fundamental principles and the responsibility of States in environmental matters. Role of international law in taking into account the relationships between economic development, environmental protection and social well-being, and relationships between developed and developing countries. Study of the different legal regimes taking into account the North American context.
DRT-360: International Human Rights Law (3 credits)
Study of fundamental rights and freedoms protected by international law. International and regional conventions relating to international human rights law. Principles of international human rights law. Implementation of international human rights law through universal and regional mechanisms.

DRT-361: European Union Law (3 credits)
Historical, ideological and legal evolution of the European integration process. Originality of the Union and the European communities: a mechanism of integration through law. The institutions, their skills, the decision-making process. The Lisbon Treaty. The euro. Citizenship and immigration policy. Criminal judicial cooperation. Common foreign policy and security.
DRT-362: International criminal law (3 credits)
History of international criminal law. Concept of international crime and types of international crimes (mainly war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide); forms of individual criminal responsibility; defenses; jurisdictional jurisdiction of international and national courts; analysis of international and “hybrid” institutions, including the International Criminal Court. Place of this right within the international system and the internal system.
DRT-363: International banking law (3 credits)
Study of the fundamental elements of international banking transactions and related regulations, including computerization and money laundering. Main international payment mechanisms – including documentary credit, electronic funds transfers and commercial bills – as well as stand-alone bank guarantees.
DRT-364: International investment law (3 credits)
The general problem of the protection of persons and foreign property in customary international law. Evolution of sources and study of the main international agreements on investment. Admission and establishment of foreign investments. Standards for processing foreign investments. Settlement of international investment disputes.
DRT-365: International humanitarian law (3 credits)
Study of the law relating to armed conflicts. The qualification of armed conflicts, international and non-international. The occupation. Transnational conflicts. The distinction between civilians and combatants and the consequences relating to the statuses and legal regimes which result from it. The conduct of hostilities. The notion of direct participation in hostilities. Humanitarian assistance. Interactions between international human rights law and international humanitarian law. The implementation of international humanitarian law before and during armed conflicts.

DRT-366: Public international law and international organizations (3 credits)
The course presents the foundations of public international law and aims to familiarize students with the principles and rules that govern relations between States. It sets out the processes by which the rules of international law are developed, the entities which are concerned by these rules, the conditions of application of these rules and the consequences of their non-execution. The course also deals with the relationship between international law and domestic law in order to demonstrate the influence that public international law exerts on public policies.
The course also presents the legal foundations of the functioning of contemporary international organizations. The course will emphasize the evolving role since the Second World War of the United Nations as well as other international organizations, including the main international economic institutions. It will also present the law of international organizations as well as the dispute resolution methods of international organizations.
Goals
The purpose of this course is to enable the student to acquire knowledge and analytical skills with regard to public international law as well as the legal regime of international organizations so that the student can take into account in its strategy and management the issues specific to the development of public policies.
At the end of this course, the student will be able to:
• explain the main concepts and terminology of public international law and the legal regime of international organizations;
• to formulate a critical analysis of the rules of public international law;
• explain the influence that public international law and international organizations exert on the decision-making process and implementation of public policies.
MET-411: Thesis project (3 credits)
The dissertation project consists of writing a research presentation document, of no more than 25 pages, intended to outline the subject and the approach.
The subject and objectives of the research, the problem, the conceptual/theoretical framework, the methodology and the work schedule to carry out the various operations making up the research are presented.

Goals
Demonstrate your ability to outline a research project and define its scientific scope.
MET-412: Memory (6 credits)
As part of this activity, the student carries out a research process leading to the writing of a dissertation. The dissertation can be produced in classic form or by article.
Goals
The dissertation allows the student to demonstrate their research skills through the collection, analysis, writing and presentation of the results of their work.

MASTER IN BUSINESS LAW
In this program, you will study the legal dimensions of business from an applied and decompartmentalized perspective. Your learning will be based on the study of concrete situations linked to company life.
Goals
The master’s degree in business law is aimed at a varied clientele who wishes to acquire high-level training in business law. It aims to study the legal dimensions of business from an applied, decompartmentalized perspective open to interdisciplinarity. It is characterized by an active teaching method, based on the study of concrete situations linked to company life. This program must achieve the following objectives:
• Acquire in-depth knowledge of business law;
• Strengthen the required professional skills, more particularly the ability to analyze, the ability to synthesize, reasoning, critical thinking, creativity, negotiation and mediation skills, the ability to communicate orally and in writing;
• Develop professional conscience and integrity, as well as behaviors or attitudes of a preventive nature, while taking into account the ethical dimension of situations;
• Increase legal research skills by dealing in writing, clearly and coherently, with a relatively complex problem.
Areas of expertise
• Environmental Law
• Economic law
• International law
• Corporate and commercial law
• Civil right
• Labor law

PROGRAM STRUCTURE
MET-350: Research methods and data analysis (3 credits)
This course aims to acquire knowledge of the scientific approach to research and its different stages as well as their components in the development of a research project.
Course content
Knowledge of the stages of developing a research project using the scientific approach. Development of a problem and its components. Contributions and processes of an exhaustive review of the literature. Articulation of a reference framework and formulation of objectives or hypotheses. Relevance and rigor of a methodology and its constituents: types and methods of research; targeted population, sampling method and targeted sample; instrumentation, data collection instruments and validation thereof; qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods; ethical dimensions; the use of mixed designs, the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge.
MET-351: Master’s research project (3 credits)
Set of activities which allows the development of the bibliography, the problem (hypothesis, objectives), the appropriate methodology, the expected results, the impact of the research project and a timetable for carrying out the work. A written research proposal and an oral presentation are produced. It is suggested to attend presentations of other research projects before presenting your own.
LED-352: Leadership (3 credits)
The objective of this course is to support the development of the interpersonal skills of current or future managers. Requiring introspection, questioning and openness to change, it invites the student to determine what are their issues, their difficulties and their aspirations as a leader, to grasp the major forms of power that they are called to exercise (for example authority), as well as to articulate a personal development project and implement it throughout the session.
This course will cover the following concepts:
Leadership styles. Qualities and ethics of a leader. Roles and responsibilities of a leader. Leadership and management. Political skills. Development and maintenance of alliances and partnerships. Leadership in emergencies. The principles of Leadership.

ENT-353: Entrepreneurial spirit, innovation and creativity (3 credits)
This course aims to develop entrepreneurial attitudes and behaviors that will lead to the implementation of creative solutions within organizations. It presents the definition of entrepreneurship from different aspects: from the point of view of the person (trait, cognition, creativity, risk-taking and vigilance), of the behaviors it generates (determination, evaluation and exploitation of opportunities) and potential results (business creation, product launch, value creation); and the importance of the entrepreneurial spirit in the different spheres of society: social, political, community or economic.
EPIS-354: Epistemology (3 credits)
At the end of this course, the registered person will have become aware of crucial issues in contemporary epistemology, defined as the study of the constitution of knowledge. In addition, it will have supported critical reflection on the production of scientific knowledge and on the organization of this production. Finally, the registered person will have constructed their own conception of science and will be able to participate in epistemological debates in their field of research.
DRT-356: World Trade Organization Law (3 credits)
Legal and institutional aspects of the multilateral trading system. Principle of non-discrimination, opening of national markets and fairness in international commercial relations. Exceptions and interface with non-commercial matters. Settlement of international commercial disputes.
DRT-402: Creation, merger, acquisition and transfer of businesses (3 credits)
Choice of legal form of the company. Negotiation and drafting of legal documents for the creation, merger, acquisition and transfer of businesses. Functions of the corporate legal advisor.

DRT-403: Economic Crime (3 credits)
Definitions and extent of economic crime; instruments of detection, control and sanction; theoretical and practical analyses; penal and criminal liability regimes; commercial, financial and tax offenses; difficulties linked to recourse to specialized criminal law and the Criminal Code; administrative, police, judicial investigations and legal guarantees; administrative disclosure obligations; overlapping investigations; compliance audit programs; administrative, penal and criminal sanctions.
DRT-361: International banking law (3 credits)
Study of the fundamental elements of international banking transactions and related regulations, including computerization and money laundering. Main international payment mechanisms – including documentary credit, electronic funds transfers and commercial bills – as well as stand-alone bank guarantees.
DRT-362: International investment law (3 credits)
The general problem of the protection of persons and foreign property in customary international law. Evolution of sources and study of the main international agreements on investment. Admission and establishment of foreign investments. Standards for processing foreign investments. Settlement of international investment disputes.
DRT-406: Electronic Commerce Law (3 credits)
Overview of the e-commerce context and national and international policies; concept of self-regulation; fundamental elements of technical and legal security; contractual relations (commercial and consumer law); banking, payments and the Internet; distribution, competition and unfair practices; Intellectual property; conflict of law and jurisdiction issues on the Internet; Taxation; alternative conflict resolution.

DRT-407: Business recovery regimes (3 credits)
Ways to turn around businesses: Bankruptcy and Insolvency Law; relationships between civil law, security law, civil procedure and joint stock company law; rights of creditors; proposals and arrangements; feasibility assessment and financing of a recovery; cancellation of contracts during recovery; powers of trustees, controllers and courts; applicable ethics; Comparative Law.
MAG-602: Corporate Finance (3 credits)
This course covers financial management of private sector companies and value creation. When implementing a business project, it is not financing (resources) that takes precedence, but investments (jobs), since finance is the art of optimal allocation of resources to more jobs than can be done. We strive to ensure a balance between theory and practice.
DRT-408: Business criminal law (3 credits)
Business criminal law is a fairly recent branch of general criminal law which presents marked particularities, but which remains subject to the fundamental principles of criminal law. This course presents the offenses that can be committed in the context of the operation of a company: fraud, breach of trust, abuse of corporate assets, distribution of fictitious dividends, bankruptcy and similar offenses and finally insider trading.

DRT-409: Labor law: national and international issues (3 credits)
Courses covering the study of national and international legal issues. The course covers three major HR issues:
– Diversity management (contractual diversity, employment diversity and working time diversity);
– border management (expatriation of staff, migrant work, and reconciliation of private and professional life);
– management of social responsibility (social certification standards and child labor).
– Based on these issues, students will learn to familiarize themselves with their legal environments, develop their analytical skills and integrate the legal dimension into their decision-making. They will also be able to determine the role and estimate the responsibilities of each person while sharpening their critical sense.

Topics covered
1- Diversity and HRM
– Contractual diversity;
– equity and diversity in employment;
– diversity and working time.

2. The boundaries of HRM
– expatriation of staff;
– use of migrant labor;
– private life/professional life boundary.

3. Social responsibility and HRM
– social certification as a regulatory tool;
– child labor around the world;
– transformation of the organization and regulatory guidelines.
MET-411: Thesis project (3 credits)
The dissertation project consists of writing a research presentation document, of no more than 25 pages, intended to outline the subject and the approach.
The subject and objectives of the research, the problem, the conceptual/theoretical framework, the methodology and the work schedule to carry out the various operations making up the research are presented.

MASTERS IN CRIMINAL LAW
At the end of the program, the student will be able to:
o Competently lead, as a prosecutor or defense attorney, criminal and penal cases targeting different offenses, at various stages of the procedure:
o by acting strategically at the various stages of the procedure for different files;
o using admissible evidence to advantage;
o by identifying solutions that are in the real interest of the client (defense) or the company (prosecution);
o by exercising an advisory role with the client (defense);
o by putting forward the most convincing arguments (both in terms of form and substance);
o by negotiating with the opposing party the progress of the case;
o by adjusting its practice to take into account legislative changes, developments in case law and rules applicable in other legal systems or other areas of law;
o by demonstrating critical analysis skills.

The objective of this course is to support the development of the interpersonal skills of current or future managers. Requiring introspection, questioning and openness to change, it invites the student to determine what are their issues, their difficulties and their aspirations as a leader, to grasp the major forms of power that they are called to exercise (for example authority), as well as to articulate a personal development project and implement it throughout the session.
This course will cover the following concepts:
Leadership styles. Qualities and ethics of a leader. Roles and responsibilities of a leader. Leadership and management. Political skills. Development and maintenance of alliances and partnerships. Leadership in emergencies. The principles of Leadership.
ENT-353: Entrepreneurial spirit, innovation and creativity (3 credits)
This course aims to develop entrepreneurial attitudes and behaviors that will lead to the implementation of creative solutions within organizations. It presents the definition of entrepreneurship from different aspects: from the point of view of the person (trait, cognition, creativity, risk-taking and vigilance), of the behaviors it generates (determination, evaluation and exploitation of opportunities) and potential results (business creation, product launch, value creation); and the importance of the entrepreneurial spirit in the different spheres of society: social, political, community or economic.
EPIS-354: Epistemology (3 credits)
At the end of this course, the registered person will have become aware of crucial issues in contemporary epistemology, defined as the study of the constitution of knowledge. In addition, it will have supported critical reflection on the production of scientific knowledge and on the organization of this production. Finally, the registered person will have constructed their own conception of science and will be able to participate in epistemological debates in their field of research.

DRT-420: General criminal law (3 credits)
The general criminal law course aims to present the history of criminal law from Antiquity to contemporary times. The history of the right to punish and conceptions of punishment will thus be illuminated first by the study of Roman law and medieval and modern law. The course will then analyze the developments in criminal law and procedure from the 18th century onwards, both from the point of view of legal theories (Beccaria and the reformers) and of the law in force (from the Revolution to Napoleonic codifications), the criminal law of the 19th and 20th centuries will be the subject of a presentation allowing us to understand the most contemporary issues. Finally, the course presents the functions of criminal law, the general principles which govern the subject and the organization of the penal code. It then describes the structure of the criminal offense: the material element (offense of commission and omission, completed or attempted offense), the moral element (intention and criminal offense), the aggravating circumstances and the causes of exoneration. of criminal liability.
The rules applicable to complicity are studied, as well as the principles governing the choice of criminal classification (including the ideal combination of offenses).
DRT-421: Penology (3 credits)
Understand the sentencing process and its practical application.
Content
Purpose of sentencing, general principles of sentencing, criminological principles relating to sentencing, range of sentences, constitutional issues, prison law, forensic psychology, application of principles in practice.

DRT-360: International criminal law (3 credits)
History of international criminal law. Concept of international crime and types of international crimes (mainly war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide); forms of individual criminal responsibility; defenses; jurisdictional jurisdiction of international and national courts; analysis of international and “hybrid” institutions, including the International Criminal Court. Place of this right within the international system and the internal system.
DRT-423: Criminal procedure (3 credits)
Deepening the essential and current issues of criminal procedure (investigation, prosecution, instruction, judgment: influence of European constitutional case law, special regimes of investigations, searches, police custody, etc.).

DRT-424: Private international law (3 credits)
The Private International Law course studies private international relations. The course covers the general mechanisms of private international law (rules of conflict of jurisdictions, rules of conflict of laws, mandatory laws, international public order, method of recognition, etc.) allowing students to understand how relationships are governed international private companies.
The course explains the various difficulties raised by the internationalization of relations and the methods followed to resolve them.
Questions relating to international judicial jurisdiction (the competence of a judge to decide an international dispute) are addressed.
DRT-425: Civil enforcement procedures (3 credits)
This course covers civil enforcement procedures, formerly called “Execution Routes”. It first addresses common law then the provisions specific to the two categories of measures: forced execution measures and precautionary measures. But as matter is very dense, all these measurements cannot be studied in detail. Only some are therefore presented, in each of these two categories, to illustrate the rules of common law which are treated at greater length. The course is therefore structured according to the following plan:
o common law: the subjects (the seizing party, the seized party and third parties); authorities (executing authorities and judicial authorities); execution operations (searching for information and carrying out operations);
o forced execution measures: the enforceable title (the diversity of titles and the effectiveness of the title); measures without sale (seizure-attribution and seizure of work remuneration); measures with sale (the seizure and sale of tangible movable property and the distribution of funds);

o precautionary measures: common rules (required conditions and implementation); precautionary seizures (of tangible movable property and debts) and legal securities (for the record)
DRT-409: Labor law: national and international issues (3 credits)
Courses covering the study of national and international legal issues. The course covers three major HR issues:
– Diversity management (contractual diversity, employment diversity and working time diversity);
– border management (expatriation of staff, migrant work, and reconciliation of private and professional life);
– management of social responsibility (social certification standards and child labor).
– Based on these issues, students will learn to familiarize themselves with their legal environments, develop their analytical skills and integrate the legal dimension into their decision-making. They will also be able to determine the role and estimate the responsibilities of each person while sharpening their critical sense.

Topics covered
1- Diversity and HRM
– Contractual diversity;
– equity and diversity in employment;
– diversity and working time.

2. The boundaries of HRM
– expatriation of staff;
– use of migrant labor;
– private life/professional life boundary.

3. Social responsibility and HRM
– social certification as a regulatory tool;
– child labor around the world;
– transformation of the organization and regulatory guidelines.

DRT-408: Business criminal law (3 credits)
Business criminal law is a fairly recent branch of general criminal law which presents marked particularities, but which remains subject to the fundamental principles of criminal law. This course presents the offenses that can be committed in the context of the operation of a company: fraud, breach of trust, abuse of corporate assets, distribution of fictitious dividends, bankruptcy and similar offenses and finally insider trading.
DRT-426: International criminal law (3 credits)
History of international criminal law. Concept of international crime and types of international crimes (mainly war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide); forms of individual criminal responsibility; defenses; jurisdictional jurisdiction of international and national courts; analysis of international and “hybrid” institutions, including the International Criminal Court. Place of this right within the international system and the internal system.

DRT-428: Comparative criminal law (3 credits)
The course first introduces the comparative approach to criminal matters and aims to present a typology of the major legal systems (the continental law and common law systems in particular) and the two major families of criminal procedure (accusatory and of inquisitorial or mixed types). Based on the study of the legislation of countries whose legal systems differ (and which will be chosen according to the languages known by the students), the course then addresses, in a comparative manner, particular themes relating to the general principles of criminal law , the law of incriminations, criminal procedure and, where applicable, judicial organization. For each subject addressed, the aim will be, by means of a comparison of the differences and similarities of the provisions studied, to highlight the various options available to the legislator, to identify concepts which link or contrast the different national legislations. , to carry out a critical analysis with regard to the conception of rights and freedoms which underlies the provisions analyzed
MET-411: Thesis project (3 credits)
The dissertation project consists of writing a research presentation document, of no more than 25 pages, intended to outline the subject and the approach.
The subject and objectives of the research, the problem, the conceptual/theoretical framework, the methodology and the work schedule to carry out the various operations making up the research are presented.
Goals
Demonstrate your ability to outline a research project and define its scientific scope.
MET-412: Memory (6 credits)
As part of this activity, the student carries out a research process leading to the writing of a dissertation. The dissertation can be produced in classic form or by article.

Goals
The dissertation allows the student to demonstrate their research skills through the collection, analysis, writing and presentation of the results of their work.

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